阅读理解Attitudeisaninternal(内在的)statethatinfluencesthechoicesofpersonalactionmadebytheindividual(个人)．Someresearchersconsiderthatattitudescomefromdifferencesbetwe

Question

阅读理解

　　Attitude is an internal(内在的)state that influences the choices of personal action made by the individual(个人)．Some researchers consider that attitudes come from differences between beliefs and ideas; others believe that attitudes come from emotional states．Here we focus on the effects of attitudes upon behavior that is upon the choices of action made by the individual．

　　The kinds of actions taken by human beings are obviously influenced greatly by attitudes．Whether one listens to classical music or rock whether one obeys the speed limit while driving whether one encourages one’s husband or wife to express his or her own ideas－all are influenced by attitudes．These internal states are acquired(获得)throughout life from situations one is faced with in the home in the streets and in the school．

　　Of course the course of action chosen by an individual in any situation will be largely determined by the particulars of that situation．An individual who has a strong attitude of obeying laws may drive too fast when he is in a hurry and no police cars in sight．A child who has a strong attitude of honesty may steal a penny when she thinks no one will notice．But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations is what is meant by an attitude．

　　Attitudes are learned in a variety of ways．They can result from single incidents as when an attitude toward snakes is acquired by an experience in childhood at the sudden movement of a snake．They can result from the individual’s experiences of success and pleasure as when someone acquires a positive attitude toward doing crossword puzzles by being able to complete some of them．And frequently they are learned by copying other people’s behavior as when a child learns how to behave toward foreigners by observing the actions of his parents．Regardless of these differences there is something in common in the learning and modification(修正)of attitudes．

(1)

According to the passage attitudes ________．
[　　]
A．	come from different situations in one’s life
B．	are largely affected by one’s behavior
C．	remain unchanged in one’s daily life
D．	could be chosen according to one’s will

(2)

The author uses the examples in Paragraph 3 to show ________．
[　　]
A．	people often make mistakes when they are not noticed
B．	people with good attitudes may sometimes do bad deeds
C．	particulars of a situation may influence an individual’s action
D．	an individual may change his or her attitude fairly easily

(3)

Which of the following is TRUE about the learning of attitudes?
[　　]
A．	Attitudes are only learned through one’s success．
B．	Attitudes learned in danger will last longer．
C．	Copying others’ behavior is not a good idea．
D．	Attitudes can be learned from one’s parents．

(4)

What would be the best title for the passage?
[　　]
A．	Differences of Attitudes
B．	Nature of Attitude
C．	Choices of Attitudes
D．	Modification of Attitude

Answer 1

答案：1．A;2．C;3．D;4．B;
解析：
(1) 细节题。由文章第二段最后一句“These internal states are acquired throughout life from situations…”可知，态度是个人面对一些生活片断获得的，所以A项正确。由第二段前两句可知态度影响人的个人行为，因此B项不正确；由第三段可知人的态度在一定时期内保持不变，有时会发生改变，可知C项不正确；D项文章中没有提到。 (2) 细节题。第三段第一句是本段的主旨句，“个人在某种场景下采用的行为会由那个场景下出现的特殊情况来决定”。 (3) 细节题。文章最后一段谈到了态度学习的三种方法，第一，从单个的事件中学习；第二，从个人成功和喜悦的经历中学习；第三，模仿他人的行为，可知D项正确。 (4) 主旨大意题。文章主要对什么是态度、态度对个人行为的影响以及如何学习态度做了阐述，也就是态度的本质。