英语翻译Manylocationestimationalgorithmsbasedontimeand/oranglemeasurementsweredeveloped,i.e.,timeofarrival(TOA),timedifferenceofarrival(TDOA),andangleofarrival(AOA)[4–16]inthepreviousstudy.Somelocationestimationalgor

Question

英语翻译
Many location estimation algorithms based on time and/orangle measurements were developed,i.e.,time of arrival (TOA),time differenceof arrival (TDOA),and angle of arrival (AOA) [4–16] in the previous study.Some location estimation algorithms were accepted by 3GPP technicalspecifications.Many of these algorithms need multiple BSs (at least two)involved in location estimation.They cannot provide subscriber locationestimation where the BSs are sparse.However,the TD-SCDMA system can provideboth network-based AOA and TOA for any mobile subscriber via only one BS.This meansthat it is possible for TD-SCDMA system to provide seamless location-based serviceas long as the subscriber is in coverage of the network.This sounds perfect.But,we must note that the location accuracy is also dependent on environment.The AOA and TOA observations in different environments will be totallydifferent,as investigated in [30–37].Fortunately,models for typical wirelessenvironments have been proposed.For example,a circular disk scattering model(CDSM) for macro-cell and an elliptical model for micro-cell are discussed in[30]; a Gaussian CDSM (GCDSM) for a macro-cell is discussed in [34]; an environmentmodel for Manhattan Street is discussed in [36].And the canyon effect of AOAand TOA observations is investigated in [37].The statistical distributions ofAOA and TOA data due to non-line of sight (NLOS) propagation are proposed insome other art works,which form the basics to design location algorithms.So,we can safely conclude that none of wireless location estimation with highaccuracy is environmentally independent.In this paper,we fully consider theenvironment issue and build a unified objective function for TD-SCDMA system toextract the subscriber location from the statistical distributions of AOA andTOA data.The location scenarios include one,two BSs supporting the locationprocess.As an example,the CDSM for macro-cells is employed to assess theperformance.However,we must mention that the proposed location estimationalgorithm can be easily extended to other networks except TD-SCDN,providedthat the statistical distributions of AOA and TOA in this environment areavailable as pre-knowledge.This paper is organized as follows:the physicallayer structure of the TD-SCDMA system is introduced in Section 2.The uplinkAOA estimation using subspace tracking technique is presented in Section 3.Theuplink TOA estimation using channel impulsive estimation is presented inSection 4.A spatial–temporal model of radio propagation is investigated inSection 5.The unified objective function for location estimation using one BSis proposed in Section 6.Two location estimation scenarios are discussed inSection 7.Computer simulations and conclusions are given in Sections 8 and 9,respectively.

Answer 1

很多位置估计算法基于时间和与 orangle 测量是一项开发,即时间到达 （TOA） 的时间到达 （TDOA） 的差异与到达 (AOA) 角 [4-16] 在以往的研究.某些位置估计算法接受了 3GPP 技术规格.很多这些算法需要多个 BSs （至少两个） 所涉及的位置估计.他们不能提供订阅服务器所在位置估计 BSs 哪里稀疏.然而,TD-SCDMA 系统可以同时提供基于网络的农产品协定 》 和 TOA 通过只有一个 BS 任何移动订阅服务器.这意味着它是可能的 TD-SCDMA 系统提供无缝的基于位置的服务,只要订阅服务器是在网络的覆盖.这听起来很完美.但是,我们必须注意到位置精度也是取决于环境.在不同环境中的农产品协定 》 和 TOA 的意见将成为完全不同,调查中 [30-37].幸运的是,已提出了模型的典型无线环境.例如,宏单元的圆盘散射 model(CDSM) 和微电池的一种椭圆模型的讨论 [30] ；高斯 CDSM (GCDSM) 为宏-单元格讨论中 [34] ；曼哈顿街头的一种环境模型讨论 [36].农产品协定 》 和 TOA 观测的峡谷效果调查中 [37].一些其他艺术作品中,形成一些基本内容来设计位置算法建议统计分布 ofAOA 和非-视线 (非视距) 繁殖 TOA 数据.所以,我们可以得出高精度无线定位估计都无害环境独立.在此文件中,我们充分考虑环境问题以及建立统一的目标函数的 TD-SCDMA 系统从农产品协定 》 和 TOA 数据的统计分布中提取的订阅服务器上的位置.位置方案包括一个,两个 BSs 支持位置进程.作为一个例子,CDSM 宏单元格被用来评估业绩.然而,我们必须提到建议的位置估计算法可以轻松地扩展到除 TD-SCDN 以外的其他网络统计分布的农产品协定 》 和 TOA 在此环境中,可以利用作为前知识.这份文件组织的如下所示： 第 2 节中介绍的 TD-SCDMA 系统物理层结构.第 3 节中介绍了向上的链接农产品协定 》 估计使用子空间跟踪技术.使用信道脉冲估计的向上链接 TOA 估计是在 4 条中提出的.一种空间 — — 时间的电波传播模型是第 5 节中进行调查.在统一的目标函数的位置估计使用一个楼宇安全检验计划提议第 6 节.两个位置估计方案都讨论了加载项区 7.计算机模拟和结论分别列载于第 8 和第 9.