2个英语teacher不解释的问题1.Thethreeboysshouldbeheldresponsiblefortheiractions.Q:这个句子的构成.即:held这里是vt,那么怎么和responsible连起来?be动词+vt构成被动语态再+个adj算什么?如果是某种句

Question

2个英语teacher不解释的问题
1.The three boys should be held responsible for their actions.
Q:这个句子的构成.即:
held这里是vt,那么怎么和responsible连起来? be动词+vt构成被动语态
再+个adj算什么? 如果是某种句式或者语法,请教这种用法的具体讲解以
及例子.
2.I wanted to leave as far away as possible from the battle
that's going on behind us.
Q:that's 可以是that is 或 that has的缩写,但不知道能不能是that was
这一类过去时的缩写?
P.S:第二个句子有无错误?

Answer 1

[第一个问题]
是这样来的：
一、主动语态时：
--- We hold that these boys should be responsible for their actions.“hold”在这里是“认为”的意思.又如：
--- She holds that modern youth shoudn't shut themselves away from the outside world.她认为现代的年轻人不应该与外面的世界脱节.
语法分析先从主动语态出发,有：
主语 -- We（被动语态中被省略了,现在需要补充出来）
谓语 -- hold
宾语从句 -- (that) these boys should be responsible for their actions.
变成被动语态后,原来的宾语“boys”成了主语,而主要动词（即：主句里的谓语动词）仍然是“hold”并且一起前移了,结果是：The three boys should be held responsible for their actions.
这时的语法结构是：
主语 -- these boys
谓语 -- should be held
主语补足语（等价于表语）-- responsible for their actions
[第二个问题]
I wanted to leave as far away as possible from the battle that's going on behind us.
1）that was 不可以缩合成“that's”；
2）原来的句子可能有错误,最好说“that was”.但是比较勉强的理解可以是：（当时）我想离那战斗越远越好,那战斗此刻还在我们身后进行着.