英语语法求救Thedaysinwinterareshorterthaninsummer.这个地方应该填those吧?可解释不了原因,为什么不用these呢?呵呵

Question

英语语法求救
The days in winter are shorter than_____ in summer.
这个地方应该填those吧?可解释不了原因,为什么不用these呢?呵呵

Answer 1

首先指示代词that & this,those & these,远指用前者,近指用后者.这一点上二者没有区别.
这句话的完整结构：
[The days](1) in winter are shorter than [the days](2) in summer.
两者比较：A are shorter than B.
A= the days in winter
B= the days in summer
在表达上讲,这属于重复累赘.
当主要结构(1)(2)都重复一模一样的时候,后出现的一个(2)=(1)要省略一下,用一个代词替换.
而【that】有这样的语法作用(其复数的时候用those)：
[used to refer to a person,thing,idea etc that has already been mentioned or is already known about](美国韦氏大学词典)指代前面提到过的事或者心照不宣的事.用以避免名词之重复
例句：
'You never cared about me.' 'That's not true.'
I wish you wouldn't say things like that.
He killed a man once and that's why he had to leave Ireland.
'I have to go,' she said,and with that (=after saying that) she hung up the phone.
这些例句,that均不可以换用this.
再如：The climate is like [that] of France.这气候像法国 (的气候)
这个与 than those in summer 十分相似.that的作用也是：指代前文提过名词避免重复.
以上是that的特殊作用,是this 所没有的.遇到指代前面提到过的事情,只能用that.只有that有这样的功能.(复数为those).