有几个简单的问题不是很理解,麻烦大家指教.Q1TurnonChannelVandyoumightfindasingerinbaseballcap,baggyjeansandabigT-shirtrapping,whilelisteningtohip-hop,it'seasytoswingyourbodytotherhythm,evenifyouhaven

Question

有几个简单的问题不是很理解,麻烦大家指教.
Q1 Turn on Channel V and you might find a singer in baseball cap,baggy jeans and a big T-shirt rapping,while listening to
hip-hop,it's easy to swing your body to the rhythm,even if you have no idea what the lyrics are about.
请问 第一句话中的rapping是修饰singer的么?还有while listening 是省略了主语了么?主语应该是人们吧,people
Q2 The big change was when rappers started writing lyrics in Chinese,so people could understand.
请问后面的writing是动名词做定语还是分词作定语?如果是分词的话,为什么用ing不用ed?
Q3 said Zhang Cheng,27,a member of the group who was raised in Canada but born in Beijing,where he returned in 1997.
请问这里面的raised是不是表示被捧红,出名的意思?另外后面的where引导的是什么从句?定语从句?修饰Beijing?
Q4 Yicang's first hit song was In Beijing.It sets a melody played on the Chinese traditional music instrument erhu against a
hip-hop beat.
请问It sets a melody played 这里的played是修饰melody的么?为什么用ed不用ing?中间还有一个生词不认识
erhu...
我主要是ing和ed分词这里学的不是很好...想请大家讲讲,

Answer 1

1.这里的rapping不是修饰作用.他的中文意思在这里应该是说唱或饶舌的意思,应该是穿着大T-shirt 说唱,他应该是个伴随状语.后面的while listening 确实是省略句子,补全应该是 while you are listening.
2,writing在这里是动名词,做start 的宾语,start 后面可以跟to do 或者doing ,但跟哪个没有太多区别.
3.raise 不是捧红,是成长的意思,他有喂养,哺育的意思.这里应该是他来自加拿大但是在北京出生.where 是引导的非限制定语从句,修饰的先行词是BEIJING.
4.这里用ed是因为melody与play 之间是被动,如果是主动,就要用ing.这事分词作定语的用法.比如,broken glass,碎玻璃,这里玻璃不能自己发出碎的动作,必须是被打碎,所以要用ed,moving car这里汽车能自己发出移动的动作,所以用ing.而你这道题中,曲子是被演奏,所以用了played,并且是定语后置.
ed 与ing 的用发中最核心的就是看他的修饰词与这个动词之间是主谓还是动宾.你把它翻译成汉语,用我们中文的理解途径,就可以判断了.多加强非谓语动词的学习,非谓语动词是英语语法中比较难的一个,要多下功夫,多做题.