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缩写为原来的1/3到1/4FRIENDSHIPAcommonconceptionofmen'sfriendshipsisthattheyarecharacteristicallymarkedbystrongbondsofcomradelyloyaltyanddeepmutualunderstanding,whereaswomen'sfriendshipsarebycomparisonrathershallowa
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缩写为原来的1/3到1/4
FRIENDSHIP
A common conception of men's friendships is that they are characteristically marked by strong bonds of comradely loyalty and deep mutual understanding,whereas women's friendships are by comparison rather shallow affairs,prone to bickering and jealousy.The facts are quite different.Men's friendships more commonly tend to be "thing-" or "activity-oriented"—built around doing things together.Friendships between women,by contrast,involve more affectionate behavior and more disclosure of confidences—they are more "person-oriented." Women experience their friendships as warmer,more satisfying and more important than men do.
People and activities interest both men and women.Women,however,tend to share much more in their friends' personal lives.Men are more likely to confine their relationship to shared activities.
Some writers have been moved to extreme pessimism about men's friendships,seeing them as relatively barren,aloof and unsatisfying.Several explanations have been offered for these differences.The two which have attracted most support are both based on the patterns of upbringing experienced by most males and females from infancy.
The first involves competitiveness.Men,it is claimed,are less able to form close friendships with other men because males are brought up to see each other as rivals or potential rivals in the contests of life.Since confiding in a competitor is not very advisable,men have little inclination to manage a close,trusting relationship (and so do not develop the skills).Women are much less likely to be involved in obsessive competitiveness and find it relatively easy to be open with another woman.
The second explanation is based on the notion of homophobia,or a fear and dislike of homosexual feelings and relationships.In most industrialized societies,at least,boys are brought up with a high level of anxiety about effeminacy and homosexual activity.Girls are not burdened with anything like the same pressure against masculine behavior or lesbian relationships.It is suggested that this powerful conditioning follows boys into adulthood,where expressions of tenderness or affection between males are accordingly avoided.Women friends in general feel much less inhibited in their expression of positive feelings,whether verbally,or in physical touching and cuddling.
Conclusive evidence is lacking for both explanations,although it is likely that each is of some importance.Recent studies suggest that,while the pattern of male inexpressiveness is still found,the distinction between men's and women's friendships is less clear-cut than was previously thought.It is possible that this is due to changes in society's definitions of maleness and femaleness,although whether this means that males are adopting a more traditionally female approach to friendship,or vice versa,continues to be unclear.
FRIENDSHIP
A common conception of men's friendships is that they are characteristically marked by strong bonds of comradely loyalty and deep mutual understanding,whereas women's friendships are by comparison rather shallow affairs,prone to bickering and jealousy.The facts are quite different.Men's friendships more commonly tend to be "thing-" or "activity-oriented"—built around doing things together.Friendships between women,by contrast,involve more affectionate behavior and more disclosure of confidences—they are more "person-oriented." Women experience their friendships as warmer,more satisfying and more important than men do.
People and activities interest both men and women.Women,however,tend to share much more in their friends' personal lives.Men are more likely to confine their relationship to shared activities.
Some writers have been moved to extreme pessimism about men's friendships,seeing them as relatively barren,aloof and unsatisfying.Several explanations have been offered for these differences.The two which have attracted most support are both based on the patterns of upbringing experienced by most males and females from infancy.
The first involves competitiveness.Men,it is claimed,are less able to form close friendships with other men because males are brought up to see each other as rivals or potential rivals in the contests of life.Since confiding in a competitor is not very advisable,men have little inclination to manage a close,trusting relationship (and so do not develop the skills).Women are much less likely to be involved in obsessive competitiveness and find it relatively easy to be open with another woman.
The second explanation is based on the notion of homophobia,or a fear and dislike of homosexual feelings and relationships.In most industrialized societies,at least,boys are brought up with a high level of anxiety about effeminacy and homosexual activity.Girls are not burdened with anything like the same pressure against masculine behavior or lesbian relationships.It is suggested that this powerful conditioning follows boys into adulthood,where expressions of tenderness or affection between males are accordingly avoided.Women friends in general feel much less inhibited in their expression of positive feelings,whether verbally,or in physical touching and cuddling.
Conclusive evidence is lacking for both explanations,although it is likely that each is of some importance.Recent studies suggest that,while the pattern of male inexpressiveness is still found,the distinction between men's and women's friendships is less clear-cut than was previously thought.It is possible that this is due to changes in society's definitions of maleness and femaleness,although whether this means that males are adopting a more traditionally female approach to friendship,or vice versa,continues to be unclear.
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FRIENDSHIP
Men’s friendships are loyalty,understanding and doing things together whereas women's friendships are prone to bickering and jealousy,but involves affection,confidences and personal lives.
Some writers see men's friendships as barren,aloof and unsatisfying.Two attracted explanations are based on the upbringing experience.
The first involves competitiveness.Men are brought up to see each other as rivals.Men decline to manage a close,trusting relationship.Women are open and less involved in competitiveness.
The second explanation is the dislike of homosexuality.In most industrialized societies,boys are brought up with anxiety about effeminacy and homosexuality while girls express feelings verbally or in touching.This follows into adulthood.
Each explanation is inconclusive.Recent studies suggest that,while male is inexpressive,the distinction between men's and women's friendships is less clear-cut than before,due to changes in definitions of maleness and femaleness; whether males are adopting a female approach to friendship is unclear.
Men’s friendships are loyalty,understanding and doing things together whereas women's friendships are prone to bickering and jealousy,but involves affection,confidences and personal lives.
Some writers see men's friendships as barren,aloof and unsatisfying.Two attracted explanations are based on the upbringing experience.
The first involves competitiveness.Men are brought up to see each other as rivals.Men decline to manage a close,trusting relationship.Women are open and less involved in competitiveness.
The second explanation is the dislike of homosexuality.In most industrialized societies,boys are brought up with anxiety about effeminacy and homosexuality while girls express feelings verbally or in touching.This follows into adulthood.
Each explanation is inconclusive.Recent studies suggest that,while male is inexpressive,the distinction between men's and women's friendships is less clear-cut than before,due to changes in definitions of maleness and femaleness; whether males are adopting a female approach to friendship is unclear.
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