英语中什么为开音节,什么为闭音节?当元音字母碰到开闭音节怎么发音?

Question

英语中什么为开音节,什么为闭音节?当元音字母碰到开闭音节怎么发音?

Answer 1

英语音节按照它的字母结构可以分为：开音节、相对开音节、闭音节、相对闭音节、r音节、相对r音节、字母组合音节和成音节.
开音节：以发音的元音字母结尾的音节,元音字母在重读开音节里读这个字母的长元音.
e /i/ he she me
i/y /aɪ/ hi my pie lie die tie
u /ju/ flu mu nu blue Sue glue
相对开音节：元音字母后紧跟一个辅音字母和一个不发音的元音字母e,这个元音字母处于相对开音节中,元音字母在重读相对开音节中读这个字母的长元音.
a /e/ cape name tape
e /i/ these Eve Pete
i /aɪ/ bite five kite
o /o/ note nose rose rope
u /ju/ cube tube June
闭音节：元音字母后紧跟一个或几个辅音字母,这个元音字母处于闭音节中,元音字母在重读闭音节中读这个字母的短元音.
a /æ/ mat map bag cat hat fan bat apple
e /ɛ/ egg well red pen hen net bell
i /ɪ/ lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hill
o /ɑ/ ox on octopus box socks operate ostrich
u /ʌ/ sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle under
相对闭音节：元音字母后面紧跟几个辅音字母和一个不发音的元音字母e,这个元音字母处于相对闭音节中,元音字母在重读相对闭音节中读这个字母的短元音.
a /æ/ chance dance France lance calve halve salve
e /ɛ/ fence spence dense flense tense edge hedge sledge twelve delve shelve
i /ɪ/ mince prince since bridge ridge singe springe swinge grilse
o /ɑ/ nonce ponce sconce lodge stodge splodge solve sonde blonde
u /ʌ/ gudge judge blunge lunge dulse pulse
注意,change、taste、waste、paste这几个字属于重读相对开音节,元音字母a要发它的长元音/e/.
r音节：元音字母后面加一个r,这个元音字母处于r音节中,元音字母在重读r音节里读这个字母的卷舌长元音.
or /ɔr/ porch pork horse horn fort morning corn fork
ar /ɑr/ are arm armchair card cart car farm park garden
ur /ɝ/ turtle surf turkey fur hurt purse nurse
er /ɝ/ were mermaid
ir /ɝ/ birthday circus dirty bird circle dirt girl
相对r音节：元音字母后面加一个r和一个不发音的元音字母e,这个元音字母处于相对r音节中,元音字母在相对r音节中读集中双元音或三元音.
are /ɛr/ care dare share square
ere /ɪr/ here mere sincere
ire /aɪr/ fire
ore /or/ store core sore bore
ure /jʊr/ pure indure sure insure
字母组合音节：两个或三个元音字母组成字母组合,发一个音.
ai /e/ tail rain paint pain jail nail rail maid
ay /e/ bay ray way say hay May pay lay
ee /i/ reeds eel bee peel jeep see teeth feet
ea /i/ sea meat peanut eagle peach tea leaf pea
/ɛ/ head sweater sweat bear pear lead leather feather read
ey /i/ key
oa /o/ road toast toad coal boat coat coal soap
ow /o/ rainbow pillow yellow window bowl row hollow low
/aʊ/ cow towel clown crown owl brown flower tower
ui /u/ suit fruit juice
au /ɔ/ August sauce sausage naughty applause
aw /ɔ/ paw draw saw straw strawberry lawn
oo /u/ moon zoo roof rooster boots food spoon room
/ʊ/ book woods cookie wool foot hook look
al /ɔ/ call tall fall ball wall
ew /ju/ dew few new hew view nephew newspaper
成音节：由发音的辅音字母形成的一类音节,这类音节最后有一个元音字母e,但这个元音字母e因为出现在音节的末端,所以不发音,辅音字母常常看到的是l、m、n,因为这三个辅音字母发的是浊音,声带振动,发音响亮,所以能形成音节,这种音节都不重读,是非重读音节.
cable table fable nibble
circle cycle candle sickle
fiddle single apple nibble
little maple puzzle simple
capitalism feminism enthusiasm fascism
certain hidden burden written