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一定温度下,10mL0.40mol/LH2O2溶液分生催化分解,不同时刻测定生成O2的体积(已折算为标准状况)如下表:t/min0246810V(O2)/mL0.09.917.222.426.529.9下列叙述不正确的是(溶液体积变化忽略不计)

题目详情

一定温度下,10mL0.40mol/LH2O2溶液分生催化分解,不同时刻测定生成O2的体积(已折算为标准状况)如下表:

t/min0246810
V(O2)/mL0.09.917.222.426.529.9
下列叙述不正确的是(溶液体积变化忽略不计)(  )

A. 0~6min的平均反应速率:v(H2O2)≈3.3×10-2mol/(L•min)

B. 6~10min的平均反应速率:v(H2O2)<3.3×10-2mol/(L•min)

C. 反应至6min时,c(H2O2)=0.3mol/L

D. 反应至6min时,H2O2分解了50%

一定温度下,10mL0.40mol/LH2O2溶液分生催化分解,不同时刻测定生成O2的体积(已折算为标准状况)如下表:

一定温度下,10mL0.40mol/LH2O2溶液分生催化分解,不同时刻测定生成O2的体积(已折算为标准状况)如下表:
222
t/min0246810
V(O2)/mL0.09.917.222.426.529.9
t/min0246810V(O2)/mL0.09.917.222.426.529.9t/min0246810t/min0246810V(O2)/mL0.09.917.222.426.529.9V(O2)/mL20.09.917.222.426.529.9

A. 0~6min的平均反应速率:v(H2O2)≈3.3×10-2mol/(L•min)

22-2

B. 6~10min的平均反应速率:v(H2O2)<3.3×10-2mol/(L•min)

22-2

C. 反应至6min时,c(H2O2)=0.3mol/L

22

D. 反应至6min时,H2O2分解了50%

22
▼优质解答
答案和解析
A.0~6min,生成O22为
22.4×10-3L
22.4L/mol
=0.001mol,由2H2O2⇌2H2O+O2↑可知,分解的过氧化氢为0.002mol,v(H2O2)=
△c
△t
=
0.002mol
0.01L
6min
=0.033mol/(L•min),故A正确;
B.6~10min,生成O2
(29.9-22.4)×10-3L
22.4L/mol
=0.33×10-3mol,由2H2O2⇌2H2O+O2↑可知,分解的过氧化氢为0.66×10-3mol,v=
△c
△t
=
0.66×10-3mol
0.01L
4min
=0.0165mol/(L•min),或随着反应的进行,H2O2的浓度逐渐减小,反应速率减慢,6~10 min的平均反应速率小于0~6min时间内反应速率,故B正确;
C.反应至6min时,剩余H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L-0.002mol=0.002mol,c(H2O2)=
0.002mol
0.01L
=0.2mol/L,故C错误;
D.反应至6min时,分解的过氧化氢为0.002mol,开始的H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L=0.004mol,转化率=
转化的量
开始的量
×100%=
0.002
0.004
×100%=50%,故D正确;
故选C.
22.4×10-3L
22.4L/mol
22.4×10-3L22.4L/mol22.4×10-3L22.4×10-3L22.4×10-3L-3L22.4L/mol22.4L/mol22.4L/mol=0.001mol,由2H22O22⇌2H22O+O22↑可知,分解的过氧化氢为0.002mol,v(H22O22)=
△c
△t
=
0.002mol
0.01L
6min
=0.033mol/(L•min),故A正确;
B.6~10min,生成O2
(29.9-22.4)×10-3L
22.4L/mol
=0.33×10-3mol,由2H2O2⇌2H2O+O2↑可知,分解的过氧化氢为0.66×10-3mol,v=
△c
△t
=
0.66×10-3mol
0.01L
4min
=0.0165mol/(L•min),或随着反应的进行,H2O2的浓度逐渐减小,反应速率减慢,6~10 min的平均反应速率小于0~6min时间内反应速率,故B正确;
C.反应至6min时,剩余H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L-0.002mol=0.002mol,c(H2O2)=
0.002mol
0.01L
=0.2mol/L,故C错误;
D.反应至6min时,分解的过氧化氢为0.002mol,开始的H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L=0.004mol,转化率=
转化的量
开始的量
×100%=
0.002
0.004
×100%=50%,故D正确;
故选C.
△c
△t
△c△t△c△c△c△t△t△t=
0.002mol
0.01L
6min
=0.033mol/(L•min),故A正确;
B.6~10min,生成O2
(29.9-22.4)×10-3L
22.4L/mol
=0.33×10-3mol,由2H2O2⇌2H2O+O2↑可知,分解的过氧化氢为0.66×10-3mol,v=
△c
△t
=
0.66×10-3mol
0.01L
4min
=0.0165mol/(L•min),或随着反应的进行,H2O2的浓度逐渐减小,反应速率减慢,6~10 min的平均反应速率小于0~6min时间内反应速率,故B正确;
C.反应至6min时,剩余H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L-0.002mol=0.002mol,c(H2O2)=
0.002mol
0.01L
=0.2mol/L,故C错误;
D.反应至6min时,分解的过氧化氢为0.002mol,开始的H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L=0.004mol,转化率=
转化的量
开始的量
×100%=
0.002
0.004
×100%=50%,故D正确;
故选C.
0.002mol
0.01L
6min
0.002mol
0.01L
6min
0.002mol
0.01L
0.002mol
0.01L
0.002mol
0.01L
0.002mol0.01L0.002mol0.002mol0.002mol0.01L0.01L0.01L6min6min6min=0.033mol/(L•min),故A正确;
B.6~10min,生成O22为
(29.9-22.4)×10-3L
22.4L/mol
=0.33×10-3mol,由2H2O2⇌2H2O+O2↑可知,分解的过氧化氢为0.66×10-3mol,v=
△c
△t
=
0.66×10-3mol
0.01L
4min
=0.0165mol/(L•min),或随着反应的进行,H2O2的浓度逐渐减小,反应速率减慢,6~10 min的平均反应速率小于0~6min时间内反应速率,故B正确;
C.反应至6min时,剩余H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L-0.002mol=0.002mol,c(H2O2)=
0.002mol
0.01L
=0.2mol/L,故C错误;
D.反应至6min时,分解的过氧化氢为0.002mol,开始的H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L=0.004mol,转化率=
转化的量
开始的量
×100%=
0.002
0.004
×100%=50%,故D正确;
故选C.
(29.9-22.4)×10-3L
22.4L/mol
(29.9-22.4)×10-3L22.4L/mol(29.9-22.4)×10-3L(29.9-22.4)×10-3L(29.9-22.4)×10-3L-3L22.4L/mol22.4L/mol22.4L/mol=0.33×10-3-3mol,由2H22O22⇌2H22O+O22↑可知,分解的过氧化氢为0.66×10-3-3mol,v=
△c
△t
=
0.66×10-3mol
0.01L
4min
=0.0165mol/(L•min),或随着反应的进行,H2O2的浓度逐渐减小,反应速率减慢,6~10 min的平均反应速率小于0~6min时间内反应速率,故B正确;
C.反应至6min时,剩余H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L-0.002mol=0.002mol,c(H2O2)=
0.002mol
0.01L
=0.2mol/L,故C错误;
D.反应至6min时,分解的过氧化氢为0.002mol,开始的H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L=0.004mol,转化率=
转化的量
开始的量
×100%=
0.002
0.004
×100%=50%,故D正确;
故选C.
△c
△t
△c△t△c△c△c△t△t△t=
0.66×10-3mol
0.01L
4min
=0.0165mol/(L•min),或随着反应的进行,H2O2的浓度逐渐减小,反应速率减慢,6~10 min的平均反应速率小于0~6min时间内反应速率,故B正确;
C.反应至6min时,剩余H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L-0.002mol=0.002mol,c(H2O2)=
0.002mol
0.01L
=0.2mol/L,故C错误;
D.反应至6min时,分解的过氧化氢为0.002mol,开始的H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L=0.004mol,转化率=
转化的量
开始的量
×100%=
0.002
0.004
×100%=50%,故D正确;
故选C.
0.66×10-3mol
0.01L
4min
0.66×10-3mol
0.01L
4min
0.66×10-3mol
0.01L
0.66×10-3mol
0.01L
0.66×10-3mol
0.01L
0.66×10-3mol0.01L0.66×10-3mol0.66×10-3mol0.66×10-3mol-3mol0.01L0.01L0.01L4min4min4min=0.0165mol/(L•min),或随着反应的进行,H22O22的浓度逐渐减小,反应速率减慢,6~10 min的平均反应速率小于0~6min时间内反应速率,故B正确;
C.反应至6min时,剩余H22O22为0.01L×0.4mol/L-0.002mol=0.002mol,c(H22O22)=
0.002mol
0.01L
=0.2mol/L,故C错误;
D.反应至6min时,分解的过氧化氢为0.002mol,开始的H2O2为0.01L×0.4mol/L=0.004mol,转化率=
转化的量
开始的量
×100%=
0.002
0.004
×100%=50%,故D正确;
故选C.
0.002mol
0.01L
0.002mol0.01L0.002mol0.002mol0.002mol0.01L0.01L0.01L=0.2mol/L,故C错误;
D.反应至6min时,分解的过氧化氢为0.002mol,开始的H22O22为0.01L×0.4mol/L=0.004mol,转化率=
转化的量
开始的量
×100%=
0.002
0.004
×100%=50%,故D正确;
故选C.
转化的量
开始的量
转化的量开始的量转化的量转化的量转化的量开始的量开始的量开始的量×100%=
0.002
0.004
×100%=50%,故D正确;
故选C.
0.002
0.004
0.0020.0040.0020.0020.0020.0040.0040.004×100%=50%,故D正确;
故选C.