Johnlefthiscoatonthesofa.为什么不能用laid表示一种状态.用lying的理由是什么.

Question

John left his coat __on the sofa.为什么不能用laid 表示一种状态.
用lying的理由是什么.

Answer 1

这里是使役动词的用法.
使役动词是表示使、令、让、帮、叫等意义的不完全及物动词,主要有leave.get.keep.make(使,令),let(让),help(帮助),have(有；让；从事；允许；拿)等.
1) leave sb to do sth 留下某人干某事
We left him to paint the gate.
2) leave sb/sth doing 让...处于正在干某事的状态
Don't leave her waiting outside in the rain.
3) leave sth done 让某物处于被...的状态
Please excuse me if I have left any of your questions unanswered.
done 和 doing 的区别在于leave sth .中sth和后面动作的主动和被动关系.如,her waiting 是主动关系；questions unanswered 是被动关系.John left his coat lying on the sofa,coat 和lie 是主动关系,所以用lying.