1.Ihavesomeclothes(towash)2."doyouhavesomeclothes(tobewashed)?"mymothersaid3.Ican'tgooutwiththeseclothes(towash.)帮忙分析下为什么用括号内的语态,特别是第3句好像是跟逻辑主语有关吧可不可以详细介

Question

1.I have some clothes (to wash)
2."do you have some clothes (to be washed)?"my mother said
3.I can'tgo out with these clothes( to wash.)
帮忙分析下为什么用括号内的语态,特别是第3句
好像是跟逻辑主语有关吧
可不可以详细介绍一下逻辑主语及其判定?

Answer 1

逻辑主语
逻辑主语在英语语法中的定义:
逻辑主语：是非谓语动词动作的执行者或承受者；它们在逻辑上存在着主谓关系或动宾关系,但不能直接作非谓语动词的主语,因此叫逻辑主语.
逻辑主语的判断:
1.句子主语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语,它们之间是逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系.例如：
He likes helping others .（he 是helping 的逻辑主语）
Moved by his words ,I told him all the news .（I 是moved 的逻辑主语）
2.介词of 或for的宾语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语.例如：
It”s kind of you to tell me the news .（you 是to tell 的逻辑主语）
It is impossible for you to finish so much work in so short a time .（you 是to finish 的逻辑主语）
3.复合结构中的宾语就是非谓动词的逻辑主语.例如：
The teacher asked me to answer his question .（me 是to answer 的逻辑主语）
I saw him playing at the river side .（him 是playing 的逻辑主语）
什么是动名词的逻辑主语呢?在句子中,除了原有的主语之外,属于动名词的"主语
",也就称为"逻辑主语",一般位于动名词的前面.
3.1 在动名词前加"物主代词（如：my,his...)"或"名词所有格(如：Mary's,
Dog's...)"
1.His coming here helped us a lot.(主语/逻辑主语his,动名词coming）
2.Tom's escaping from the prison made trouble for the jailer.(主语/逻辑主
语Tom,动名词escaping)
3.2 作宾语(Object)的动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,在动名词前加"物主代词"或"名
词所有格"
1.Do you mind my smoking in the romm?(逻辑主语my,动名词smoking)
2.He insisted on Mary's staying there.(逻辑主语Mary,动名词staying)
注意：作为逻辑主语的名词/代词为无生命时,则用通格（of the):
1.I cannot say there is no fear of the news spreading among intimate
friends.（逻辑主语news)
3.3 在下列情况中,不能使用所有格：
3.3.1 代词为 all,both,each,few,several,some,this 等作为逻辑主语时:
1.I remember all of them saying it .
3.3.2 数词、名词化形容词（如 the three,the old...)作逻辑主语时：
1.In spite of the three telling the same story,I could not believe
it.
3.3.3 结构中的逻辑主语是名子或短语,或受从句或短语修饰时：
1.Is there any chance of the people in the back of the room talking
a little louder?