英语语法1．主谓一致的三条原则1）语法一致,即在语法形式上取得一致.Everybody’sunderstandingisincomplete.2）意义一致,即根据意义来处理一致关系.Thepeopletherearefightingfortheindependenceoftheir

Question

英语语法
1．主谓一致的三条原则
1）语法一致,即在语法形式上取得一致.
Everybody’s understanding is incomplete.
2）意义一致,即根据意义来处理一致关系.
The people there are fighting for the independence of their country
语法一致和意义一致 看不懂意思,这两点在这两个句子中是怎么体现的?可以分析一下嘛.
There are no shortcuts to learning（这里为什么要用learning?而不用learn） a foreign language
Learning that my favourite maths teacher is still teaching in that school,I decided to visit him.
对于这样的翻译,用动动用什么样的形式总是很模糊.
唉,基础太差 .
Learning that my favourite maths teacher is still teaching in that school,I decided to visit him.
对于这样的句子，动词用什么样的形式总是很模糊。

Answer 1

1.语法上,understanding 是单数,所以谓语动词用单数；
意义上,people一词是复数,谓语动词就用复数
就像family,当家庭理解是单数,谓语用单数,当家人理解是复数,谓语用复数
2.There are no shortcuts to learning a foreign language.这里to 是介词,后面当然用名次.如：way to success成功之路,the key to the door,这扇门的钥匙,the answer to the question,这个问题的答案
3.Learning that my favourite maths teacher is still teaching in that school,I decided to visit him.这句话learning是现在分词,注意不是动名词.还原成主从句就是：When I learned that my favourite maths teacher is still teaching in that school,I decided to visit him.比较这两句话的不同之处.你的前半部分叫状语,我的前半部分叫从句.learn在句子里是主动的,所以用现在分词,隐含的主语是主句主语.如果是被动的,用过去分词,如：Seen from the top of the hill,the village is very beautiful.这句,see的主语同样是主句主语,village是被看见的,所以用被动,要用过去分词.
这个语法点不难,居然很多学生搞不清楚.