被动语态的易错之处,请详解.

Question

被动语态的易错之处,请详解.

Answer 1

是初中还是高中的,
这是初中的：
在初中英语教材中,被动语态是一个重点语法项目.使用被动语态时应注意以下几点：
【探寻一】及物动词(或动词短语)有被动语态；不及物动词(或动词短语)无被动语态.例如：
（1）【误】The accident was happened this morning.
【正】The accident happened this
morning.
（2）【误】 Great changes were taken
place in the past ten years in China.
【正】 Greatchangeshave taken
place in the past ten years in China.
【探寻二】主动句中带双宾语的动词,若将直接宾语改为被动句的主语,动词后应加to 或for；如将间接宾语改为被动句的主语,不需加介词.例如：
【误】A present was given everybody yesterday.
【正】 Apresentwasgivento
everybody yesterday.
【正】Everybody was given a present yesterday.
常见的带双宾语的动词有：give,send,pass,show,bring,tell( 以上单词通常用 to) ,buy,get,read,make (以上单词通常用for).
【探寻三】“感使动词”(feel,hear,listen to,let,have,make,see,watch,notice,look at)真奇怪,主动结构“to”走开,被动结构又请来,十个动词要记牢,不会被它再难倒.例如：
（1）【误】Lily is often heard sing in her bedroom.
【正】Lilyisoften heard to sing
in her bedroom.
（2）【误】When father was young,he was made work from morning till night.
【正】When father was young,he was made to work from morning till night.
【探寻四】固定结构中的介词或副词在被动结构中不可省去.例如：
【误】The garden was taken good care while the Greens were away from home.
【正】Thegardenwas taken good
care of while the Greens were away from home.
这类常见的短语动词有：look for,look after,take care of,work out,put on等.
【探寻五】有些动词如look,seem,smell,sound,feel,taste等作连系动词用后接形容词作表语,主动形式可表被动意义,不用被动语态.例如：
【误】The apple is tasted very sweet.
【正】The apple tastes very sweet.
【探寻六】有些动词如write,read,sell,wash,open等当强调动作执行情况时,有被动语态;当用作不及物动词来说明主语本身所具有的特征时,无被动语态.例如：
（1）【误】The computers are sold well.
【正】The computers sell well.
（2）【误】The new pen are written well.
【正】The new pen writes well.
【探寻七】在need,want(需要)等动词后接不定式时,不定式有被动语态；接动名词时,动名词无被动语态.例如：
【误】The classroom needs to clean.【正】The classroom needs to be
cleaned/cleaning.
【探寻八】在“too…to…”结构和形容词 enough to do结构中,通常用主动形式表示被动意义.例如：
【误】The problem is too difficult to be worked out.
【正】The problem is too difficult to work out.
【友情测试】
用动词的适当形式填空
1.NO SMOKING should ______（see）in the stores even in many parts of the city.（2006年甘肃兰州）
2.The Olympic Games ______（hold）in Beijing in 2008.（2006年四川自贡）
3.—Bird flu(禽流感)is still very serious in some countries.
—Yes.Something must ______(do) to stop it from spreading(传播).
（2006年江苏连云港）
4.—Will you be a volunteer(志愿者)when the 2008 Olympic Games ________ (hold) in Beijing?
—I hope so.（2006年江苏连云港）
5.—I hear that two children’s fun parks ______(build)last year in our city.
—I know,but I think two are not enough.（2006年江苏连云港）
【参考答案】
1.be seen2.will be held3.be done4.are held5.were built