求主谓一致的练习题,尤其是定语从句的主谓一致和强调句的主谓一致,

Question

求主谓一致的练习题,尤其是定语从句的主谓一致和强调句的主谓一致,

Answer 1

定语从句的主谓一致
1.一般来讲,定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致.
【例句】 I am not one who is afraid of difficulty.我是个不怕困难的人.
Don't choose me,who am not qualified for this job.不要选我,我不适合做这项工作.
Anyone who has questions to ask,please come to my office this afternoon.有问题要问的人,今天下午到我办公室来.
2.当定语从句中的先行词是 “one of + 复数名词”时,在非正式的英语口语中,有时甚至在一些很正规的文体中,动词的数与 one相一致,这是因为说话者或写作者首先想到的是one,而不是one后面真正的先行词.但也经常与先行词保持一致,采用复数.因此要根据具体句意而定.
【例句】 That is one of the most valuable dictionaries that has appeared in recent years.那本词典是近几年来所见到的最有价值的词典之一.(强调其中的这一本)
Buenos Aires is one of the world capitals that is noted for its busy harbor.布宜诺斯艾利斯是一个以其海港的热闹而闻名的国家首都.从句中的is不能改成are.这点很好理解,因为用are就意味着世界上所有国家的首都以海港热闹而出名,这是不符合实际的.再如：
He was one of the students who were late for school.他是迟到的学生之一.(从句用复数修饰先行词,说明迟到学生的范围)
3.当定语从句的先行词是：“the only one of + 复数名词”时,定语从句的谓语动词要与 one保持一致而取单数形式,其原因是跟句子的意义有关.
【例句】 He is the only one of those workers who is able to do this job.他是那些工人中惟一能做此工作的人.
He was the only one of the boys who was late for class.他是上课迟到的惟一一个学生.
强调句中的主谓一致
1.不管被强调部分是单数还是复数,是时间、地点还是原因,强调句型中的be动词一律采用单数形式.
【例句】 It's Mary and James that are standing behind the counter.站在柜台后面的是玛丽和詹姆斯.
It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school.他没来上学是因为他病了.
2.当被强调部分是句子的主语时,从句谓语的人称和数常与被强调部分保持一致.
【例句】 It's I who am to be punished for doing that.是我应该为做那件事受到惩罚.
It is the Communist Party that has made China what she is today.是中国共产党使中国成为今天这个样子的.