怎样快速准确区分定语从句和同位语从句?举几个典型例子

Question

怎样快速准确区分定语从句和同位语从句?举几个典型例子

Answer 1

定语从句与同位语从句的区别
1．定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,起限定作用.
而同位语从句等同于它所修饰的名词,是名词性的,其功能是对所修饰的名词作补充说明.同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,hope,idea,news,doubt,suggestion,information,opinion,decision,discovery,truth,promise,statement,problem,rule等的面.
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事,他们都很焦虑.（同位语从句）
Where did you get the idea that I could not come 你在哪儿听说我不能来?（同位语从句）
I have no idea whether he'll come or not.我不知道他是否来.（同位语从句）
It is a fact (that) you can't deny.这是一个你不能否认的事实.（定语从句）
It is a fact that she has done her best.她尽了最大的努力,这是事实.（同位语从句）
2．在定语从句中,that代先行词,在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当某个句子成分,在作宾语时通常可省略.
而在同位语从句中,that只起连接主句和从句的作用,无意义,在从句中不充当句子成分,一般不可省.
The news (that) we heard spread all over the school campus.
我们听到的消息传遍了校园.（定语从句）
The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true.
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的.（同位从句）