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高手请进帮我修改一下自己写的英文2感谢li-ly1,StrainsofGrayMoldpathogensisolatedfromtablegrapewereclassifiedinto3groups,EXFGⅠ,EXFGⅡandEXFGⅢ,basedondiseasesymptomsandmorphologicalcharacters.Strainsf
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高手请进 帮我修改一下自己写的英文2 感谢 li-ly
1, Strains of Gray Mold pathogens isolated from table grape were classified into 3 groups, EXFG Ⅰ,EXFG Ⅱ and EXFG Ⅲ, based on disease symptoms and morphological characters.
Strains from EXFG Ⅰ and EXFG Ⅱ could sporulate and develop a visible layer of spores on PDA medium 25 ℃ cultivation after 3 days, with a 1×104/cm2 sporulation quantity. After 10-15 days cultivation, sporulation quantity could reach 1×108/cm2.Strains from EXFG Ⅲ need continuous UV radiation to sporulate on PDA in 3-4 days, sporulation quantity could reach 1×103/cm2 after 10-15 days cultivation. EXFG Ⅲ is similar to Typical gray mold pathogen B.cinerea in morphological characters.
2, By compare of the pathogenicity differences in 3 groups,the results show that: all 3 groups cause 90 to 100 percent of berries to drop off table grape after 10 day’s inoculation. EXFG Ⅰhas weaker virulence, and the incidence of infection is low by 5 day’s non - injury inoculation,with 10 day’s illness index amount to 3.3. EXFG Ⅱhas strongest virulence, and all strains can be pathogenic by 5 day’s non - injury inoculation,as well as 10 day’ s illness index reach 28.3. EXFG Ⅲ develop a 7.8 illness index by 10 day’s non - injury inoculation. The disease symptoms of 3 groups also have differences: EXFG Ⅰ and EXFG Ⅱdevelop mycelium and a large number of sporulation on table grape after 5 day’s inoculation,as well as the typical B.cinerea group EXFG Ⅲ only develop some mycelium. Strains from all 3 groups maintain the previous pathogenicity after 15 subculture on GJA medium with host nutrition.
3, By compare of the host range in 3 groups,the results show that: strains from 3 groups all are facultative parasite,could infect all of the selected fruits and vegetables by 4 day’s injury inoculation(peppers, tomatoes, onions, lettuce, apples, leaf lettuce, beans, eggplant, cabbage). EXFG Ⅱhas strongest virulence, could infect all of the selected fruits and vegetables by 4 day’s non-injury inoculation. EXFG Ⅱ also develop a large number of sporulation in 4 day’s inoculation, so it is extremely harmful with high diffusivity and high capacity of proliferation.
EXFG Ⅰcould not infect apple by 4 day’s non-injury inoculation, but also develop a large number of sporulation in 4 day’s inoculation. EXFG Ⅲ could not infect apple,beans and pepper by 4 day’s non-injury inoculation,and develop no spores in 10 day’s inoculation.
1, Strains of Gray Mold pathogens isolated from table grape were classified into 3 groups, EXFG Ⅰ,EXFG Ⅱ and EXFG Ⅲ, based on disease symptoms and morphological characters.
Strains from EXFG Ⅰ and EXFG Ⅱ could sporulate and develop a visible layer of spores on PDA medium 25 ℃ cultivation after 3 days, with a 1×104/cm2 sporulation quantity. After 10-15 days cultivation, sporulation quantity could reach 1×108/cm2.Strains from EXFG Ⅲ need continuous UV radiation to sporulate on PDA in 3-4 days, sporulation quantity could reach 1×103/cm2 after 10-15 days cultivation. EXFG Ⅲ is similar to Typical gray mold pathogen B.cinerea in morphological characters.
2, By compare of the pathogenicity differences in 3 groups,the results show that: all 3 groups cause 90 to 100 percent of berries to drop off table grape after 10 day’s inoculation. EXFG Ⅰhas weaker virulence, and the incidence of infection is low by 5 day’s non - injury inoculation,with 10 day’s illness index amount to 3.3. EXFG Ⅱhas strongest virulence, and all strains can be pathogenic by 5 day’s non - injury inoculation,as well as 10 day’ s illness index reach 28.3. EXFG Ⅲ develop a 7.8 illness index by 10 day’s non - injury inoculation. The disease symptoms of 3 groups also have differences: EXFG Ⅰ and EXFG Ⅱdevelop mycelium and a large number of sporulation on table grape after 5 day’s inoculation,as well as the typical B.cinerea group EXFG Ⅲ only develop some mycelium. Strains from all 3 groups maintain the previous pathogenicity after 15 subculture on GJA medium with host nutrition.
3, By compare of the host range in 3 groups,the results show that: strains from 3 groups all are facultative parasite,could infect all of the selected fruits and vegetables by 4 day’s injury inoculation(peppers, tomatoes, onions, lettuce, apples, leaf lettuce, beans, eggplant, cabbage). EXFG Ⅱhas strongest virulence, could infect all of the selected fruits and vegetables by 4 day’s non-injury inoculation. EXFG Ⅱ also develop a large number of sporulation in 4 day’s inoculation, so it is extremely harmful with high diffusivity and high capacity of proliferation.
EXFG Ⅰcould not infect apple by 4 day’s non-injury inoculation, but also develop a large number of sporulation in 4 day’s inoculation. EXFG Ⅲ could not infect apple,beans and pepper by 4 day’s non-injury inoculation,and develop no spores in 10 day’s inoculation.
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答案和解析
1,Strains of Gray Mold pathogens isolated from table grape were classified into 3 groups,EXFG Ⅰ,EXFG Ⅱ and EXFG Ⅲ,based on disease symptoms exhibited and their specific morphology.
Strains from EXFG Ⅰ and EXFG Ⅱ could sporulate and develop a visible layer of spores on PDA medium 25 ℃ cultivation after 3 days,with a 1×104/cm2 sporulation quantity.After 10-15 days cultivation,sporulation quantity could reach 1×108/cm2.Strains from EXFG Ⅲ need continuous UV radiation to sporulate on PDA in 3-4 days,sporulation quantity could reach 1×103/cm2 after 10-15 days cultivation.EXFG Ⅲ is similar to Typical gray mold pathogen B.cinerea in its morphology.
2,Results of the comparison in the level of pathogenicity in 3 groups have shown that:all 3 groups cause 90 to 100 percent of berries to drop off table grape after 10 days' inoculation.EXFG Ⅰhas weaker virulence,and the incidence of infection is lower by 5 days’ non - injury inoculation,with 10 day’s illness index amounting to 3.3.EXFG Ⅱ has strongest virulence,and all its strains can be pathogenic by 5 day’s non - injury inoculation,with their 10 days’illness index reaching 28.3.EXFG Ⅲ develops a 7.8 illness index by 10 day’s non - injury inoculation.The disease symptoms of 3 groups also exhibit differences:EXFG Ⅰ and EXFG Ⅱdevelop mycelium and a large number of sporulation on table grape after 5 days’ inoculation,as well as the typical B.cinerea group EXFG Ⅲ which only develops some mycelium.Strains from all 3 groups maintain the previous pathogenicity after 15 subculture on GJA medium with host nutrition.
3,Results of the comparison of the host range in 3 groups have shown that:strains from 3 groups are all facultative parasites,capable of infecting all of the selected fruits and vegetables in the period of 4 days of injury inoculation(peppers,tomatoes,onions,lettuce,apples,leaf lettuce,beans,eggplant,cabbage).EXFG Ⅱhas strongest virulence,and is capable of infecting all of the selected fruits and vegetables by 4 day’s non-injury inoculation.EXFG Ⅱ also develops a large sporulation in 4 days inoculation,and is therefore condsidered extremely harmful with high diffusivity level and high capacity of proliferation.
EXFG Ⅰwas shown incapable of infecting apples by 4 days non-injury inoculation,but it also develops a large sporulation during the period of 4 day’s inoculation.EXFG Ⅲ could not infect apple,beans and pepper by 4 days' non-injury inoculation,and develops no spores in 10 days' inoculation.
Strains from EXFG Ⅰ and EXFG Ⅱ could sporulate and develop a visible layer of spores on PDA medium 25 ℃ cultivation after 3 days,with a 1×104/cm2 sporulation quantity.After 10-15 days cultivation,sporulation quantity could reach 1×108/cm2.Strains from EXFG Ⅲ need continuous UV radiation to sporulate on PDA in 3-4 days,sporulation quantity could reach 1×103/cm2 after 10-15 days cultivation.EXFG Ⅲ is similar to Typical gray mold pathogen B.cinerea in its morphology.
2,Results of the comparison in the level of pathogenicity in 3 groups have shown that:all 3 groups cause 90 to 100 percent of berries to drop off table grape after 10 days' inoculation.EXFG Ⅰhas weaker virulence,and the incidence of infection is lower by 5 days’ non - injury inoculation,with 10 day’s illness index amounting to 3.3.EXFG Ⅱ has strongest virulence,and all its strains can be pathogenic by 5 day’s non - injury inoculation,with their 10 days’illness index reaching 28.3.EXFG Ⅲ develops a 7.8 illness index by 10 day’s non - injury inoculation.The disease symptoms of 3 groups also exhibit differences:EXFG Ⅰ and EXFG Ⅱdevelop mycelium and a large number of sporulation on table grape after 5 days’ inoculation,as well as the typical B.cinerea group EXFG Ⅲ which only develops some mycelium.Strains from all 3 groups maintain the previous pathogenicity after 15 subculture on GJA medium with host nutrition.
3,Results of the comparison of the host range in 3 groups have shown that:strains from 3 groups are all facultative parasites,capable of infecting all of the selected fruits and vegetables in the period of 4 days of injury inoculation(peppers,tomatoes,onions,lettuce,apples,leaf lettuce,beans,eggplant,cabbage).EXFG Ⅱhas strongest virulence,and is capable of infecting all of the selected fruits and vegetables by 4 day’s non-injury inoculation.EXFG Ⅱ also develops a large sporulation in 4 days inoculation,and is therefore condsidered extremely harmful with high diffusivity level and high capacity of proliferation.
EXFG Ⅰwas shown incapable of infecting apples by 4 days non-injury inoculation,but it also develops a large sporulation during the period of 4 day’s inoculation.EXFG Ⅲ could not infect apple,beans and pepper by 4 days' non-injury inoculation,and develops no spores in 10 days' inoculation.
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