定语从句的关系代词作主语和宾语的有关问题1.Theprizewillbepresentedtothosewhothepresidentbelievesarethemostqualified.2.Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays.相似的结构,为什么称第二句中的“as”

Question

定语从句的关系代词作主语和宾语的有关问题
1.The prize will be presented to those who the president believes are the most qualified.
2.Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.
相似的结构,为什么称第二句中的“as”是“describe"宾语,而在第一句中说要用"who"作后句主语,却不用“whom"呢?

Answer 1

解析如下:
1.首先弄清句构
此句是宾语从句中含一个定语从句
主句中those 后面缺的是宾语,比如those "people",只不过这里由who引导的名词从句来充当,其意义就相当于"people",并且引导词who在名词从句中作了主语,所以要用who的主格形式.
至于"the president believes "你可以把它理解成插入语,忽略不看.如果一定要问为什么?这里"who"作了定语从句的先行词,因为引导词在定语从句中作宾语故省略掉了.总而言之定语从句的引导词已经省略,这里的who是宾语从句的引导词,定语从句的先行词)
2.此句就是一个定语从句
因为先行词"people"有such修饰且定语从句缺宾语,所以关系代词用"as"来引导,而不能用"that/which"
Such people as you describe are rare nowadays
全句译:你描述的这种人在当下是很少见的!
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