奥巴马英语提问Tothepeopleofpoornations,wepledgetoworkalongsideyoutomakeyourfarmsflourishandletcleanwatersflow;tonourishstarvedbodiesandfeedhungryminds.Andtothosenationslikeoursthatenjoyrelativeplenty,wesay

Question

奥巴马英语提问
To the people of poor nations,we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds.And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty,we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world’s resources without regard to effect.For the world has changed,and we must change with it.
As we consider the road that unfolds before us,we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who,at this very hour,patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains.They have something to tell us today,just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages.We honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty,but because they embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves.And yet,at this moment - a moment that will define a generation - it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.
For as much as government can do and must do,it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies.It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break,the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours.It is the firefighter’s courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke,but also a parent’s willingness to nurture a child,that finally decides our fate.
Our challenges may be new.The instruments with which we meet them may be new.But those values upon which our success depends - hard work and honesty,courage and fair play,tolerance and curiosity,loyalty and patriotism - these things are old.These things are true.They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history.What is demanded then is a return to these truths.What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility - a recognition,on the part of every American,that we have duties to ourselves,our nation,and the world,duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly,firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit,so defining of our character,than giving our all to a difficult task.
This is the price and the promise of citizenship.
This is the source of our confidence - the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.
帮我分析一下其中的语法特点谢谢
不用全部，经典的几句，比较难得就行了。
就是每段找两个难点的句子分析下定从啊，什么的。

Answer 1

如果只是翻译还好说啦,要分析语法,太多了吧.
To the people of poor nations（介词短语作状语）,we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow（介词短语做状语,表目的）; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds.And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty（c修饰nations）,we say（后面是宾语从句） we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor （表示否定的副词nor放在句首,后面用倒装结构）can we consume the world’s resources without regard to effect（without引导的介词短语作状语）.For the world has changed（for引导的原因状语从句）,and we must change with it.
As we consider the road that unfolds before us（状语从句）,we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who（who引导后面的定语从句修饰Americans）,at this very hour,patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains.They have something to tell us today,just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages（as引导状语从句表示正如...之意）.We honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty,but because they embody the spirit of service（not only,but also引导的平行句式,此处also省略）; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves.And yet,at this moment - a moment that will define a generation（that引导定语从句修饰moment） - it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all(that引导定语从句修饰spirit).
For as much as government can do and must do,it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies（which引导定从修饰faith and determination）.It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break,the selflessness of workers who （who引导定从修饰workers）would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours（rather...than句型,同时which引导定从修饰前面整个句子,即先行词为句子,而不是单个的单词）.It is the firefighter’s courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke,but also a parent’s willingness to nurture a child,that finally decides our fate（强调句型,so,that）.
Our challenges may be new.The instruments with which we meet them may be new（which引导的定从修饰instruments,介词with提前,因此引导词不能用that,只能用which做介词的宾语）.But those values upon which our success depends（同上,upon提前到引导词which之前,定从修饰values） - hard work and honesty,courage and fair play,tolerance and curiosity,loyalty and patriotism - these things are old.These things are true.They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history（have done现在完成时结构）.What is demanded then （what引导的主语从句,what相当于all that）is a return to these truths.What is required of us now （同上,主语从句）is a new era of responsibility - a recognition,on the part of every American,that （引导定从）we have duties to ourselves,our nation,and the world,duties that（引导定从） we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly,firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit,so defining of our character,than giving our all to a difficult task.
This is the price and the promise of citizenship.
This is the source of our confidence - the knowledge that（引导定语从句修饰knowledge） God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.