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有关must的反义疑问句的很很详细的解说谢谢了,请耐心看吧!!!!(*^^*)Must在反意疑问句中的用法在反意疑问句中,附加谓语部分和陈述句部分的主要谓语动词在意义上要相互呼应,

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有关must的反义疑问句的很很详细的解说
谢谢了,请耐心看吧!!!!(*^__^*)
Must在反意疑问句中的用法
在反意疑问句中,附加谓语部分和陈述句部分的主要谓语动词在意义上要相互呼应,即附加谓语部分和陈述句中谓语动词的时态要保持一致。使用情况各有不同,一般来说,有下列四种情况:
一.陈述句中的must表示“必须”时,附加谓语的谓语动词用mustn’t。如:
You must work hard to improve your English, mustn’t you?
你必须努力学习来提高你的英语水平,不是吗?
二.陈述句中的must表示“禁止”时,附加谓语的动词用must,也可用may。如:
We mustn’t be late, must / may we?
我们不可以迟到的,是吗? (不说: need we)
三.陈述句中的must表示“必要”时,附加谓语的动词用needn’t。如:
We must start working right now, needn’t we?
我们得立即开始干活儿了,是吗? (不说: mustn’t we)
四.陈述句中的must表示一种推测时,含义为“一定、准是”时,附加谓语不用must和need,而是在意义上和陈述句中谓语动词的时态保持一致。通常有四种情况:
1. 陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语,附加谓语中的动词就用一般过去时。
She must have heard the good news just now, didn’t she?
想必她刚才听到了那个好消息,是吗? (一般过去时)
2.句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语,这时附加谓语中的动词就用
现在完成时。
You must have studied English for many years, haven’t you?
你一定学了多年的英语,不是吗? (现在完成时)
3.陈述部分的动词表示经常性的动作或状态,附加谓语部分的动词就用
一般现在时。
He must be from the south, isn’t he?
他一定是南方人,对吗? (一般现在时)
4.陈述句部分的谓语动词为现在进行时,也需要时态上的呼应。
I think they must be watching this exciting football match now, aren’t they?
想必他们正在观看这场精彩的足球赛。 (现在进行时)
这些都是有一个网站上的,但是我还有问题是:
那么请问:如果是这种情况
“2.句中陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语,这时附加谓语中的动词就用
现在完成时。
You must have studied English for many years, haven’t you?
你一定学了多年的英语,不是吗? (现在完成时)”
可是前面不是现在完成时,如:you must did this thing ,______?(你一定做了这件事,不是吗?)
那么后面添什么呢?
还是说,一定要用have?must后面要加动词原形?
▼优质解答
答案和解析
反意疑问句
一、什么是反意疑问句
英语中,反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问,起证实作用,一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。
二、反意疑问句用法说明
◇注意:
反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是,“肯定陈述+否定疑问”或“否定陈述+肯定疑问”
简略问句如果是否定式,not应与be,do,will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写
简略问句的主语不用名词,应用人称代词
当说话者的目的不在疑问,而是为了加强语气时,用降调
当说话者的目的在疑问,则用升调
陈述部分含“too...to”时,是否定句
1) 陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I?
(我和你姐姐一样高,对吗?)
2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
(我希望可以和你说话,可以吗?)
3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:
a. 并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定:
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he。
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意: Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we(或用shan't we) ?
Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you(或won't you)?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we(或用shan't we)?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you (或won't you)?
18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
20) must在表"推测"时,根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。
He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
快速记忆表
陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分
I aren't I
Wish may +主语
no,nothing,nobody,never,
few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义
rarely, little等否定
含义的词
ought to(肯定的) shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语
have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语
had better + v. hadn't you
would rather + v. wouldn't +主语
you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语
must 根据实际情况而定
感叹句中 be +主语
Neither…nor,
either…or 连接的根 据其实际逻辑意义而定
并列主语
指示代词或不定代词
everything,that, 主语用it
nothing,this
并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的
主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,
suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语
dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语
省去主语的祈使句 will you?
there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)
否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式
must表"推测" 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句
Let's 开头的祈使句 Shall we?§Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you?
『补:Let's和Let us的区别』
◇1.Let's是Let us的缩写。包括说话人和听话人双方在内,含有催促、建议或请对方一起行动的意思。在听话人表示赞同建议时可只用Let's.如:
---Shall we go by train?
---Yes,let's.
◇2.当请求对方允许自己(第一人称复数)做某事时,要用Let us,这里的 us 不包括听话对方在内,不能缩写为Let's.
如两个同学对老师说:
Please let us remove the bookshelf for you.
让我俩给你移动一下书架。
◇3.两者在构成附加疑问句时,方法不同。如:
Let's go to see the film,shall we ?
咱们去看电影,好吗?
Let us go to see the film,will you?
让我们去看电影,好吗?
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