这个虚拟语气怎么回事?IfIhadbeenlivinginNewYork,IwouldknowtheU.S.wellnow.与过去事实相反的,形式不是：从句ifsbhad动词过去分词,主句sbwouldhave动词过去分词.为什么上面的句子would后面没有

Question

这个虚拟语气怎么回事?
If I had been living in New York ,I would know the U.S.well now.
与过去事实相反的,形式不是：从句if sb had 动词过去分词,主句sb would have 动词过去分词.
为什么上面的句子would后面没有have?

Answer 1

有时,虚拟条件句中,主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时,须区别对待.
①从句的动作与过去事实相反,而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符.如：
If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会使工程师了
If they had informed us,we would not come here now.如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了.
②从句的动作与现在事实相反,而主句的动作与过去事实不符.如：
If he were free today,we would have sent him to Beijing.如果他今天有空的话,我们会已经派他去北京了
If he knew her,he would have greeted her.要是他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了.
③从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反,而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反.如：
If it had not been raining too much,the crops would be growing much better.如果天不下太多的雨的话,庄家会长得更好.
If he had been working hard,he would be working in the office now.要是他工作一直努力的话,他现在已进了办公室了.