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英语的定语从句的具体内容和例子定语从句的例子的具体分析,每一个成份的具体分解
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英语的定语从句的具体内容和例子
定语从句的例子的具体分析,每一个成份的具体分解
定语从句的例子的具体分析,每一个成份的具体分解
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答案和解析
一. 定语从句的功用和结构
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句.被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词.定语从句必须放在先行词之后.引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词.例如:
This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.
Do you know everybody who came to the party?
I still remember the night when I first came to the village?
This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.
二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用
关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来.关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分.关系待客做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词可作状语.
1. 作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致.例如:
I don’t like people who talk much but do little.
The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.
2. 作宾语
She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.
The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”.
3. 作定语
关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用.例如:
What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?
The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.
4. 作状语
I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.
This is the house where I was born.
三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语.例如:
The person who broke the window must pay for it.
The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语.例如:
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?
Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.
3. whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语.例如:
The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.
I know the boy whose father is a professor.
4. which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语.例如:
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.
5. that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语.例如:
I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.
Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?
6. when 指时间,在定语从句中作状语.例如:
I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.
He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.
7. where 指地点,在定语从句中作状语.例如:
This is the house where we lived last year.
The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.
四. 关系代词whom,which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which 与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,如:
That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room
which we had lived in for ten years.
五. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题:
1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况:
(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时.例如:
All that he said is true.
(2) 先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时.例如:
He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.
(3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词.例如:
He was the second (person) that told me the secret.
(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词.
This is the best book (that) I have read this year.
(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时.例如:
He talked about the people and the things he remembered.
2. 只能用which,不用that的情况:
(1) 在非限制性定语从中.例如:
The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.
(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导,先行词是物时.例如:
The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.
【范例】
1. (2004年哈尔滨试题)
---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?
---Yes, he does.
A. which B. whose C. where D. who
【解析】答案:D.该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择.因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适.
2. (2004年常州市试题)
The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.
A. who B. where C. what D. that
【解析】答案:D.该题考查的是定语从句的关系代词的选择.因为先行词是物,而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,所以只有that合适.
3. (2004年扬州市试题)
---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?
---He has gone back to Qinghua University.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. which
【解析】答案:B.该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择.因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适.
4. (2004年益阳市试题)
I hate people _______ talk much but do little.
A. whose B. whom C. which D. who
【解析】答案:D.该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择.因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适.
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句.被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词.定语从句必须放在先行词之后.引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词.例如:
This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.
Do you know everybody who came to the party?
I still remember the night when I first came to the village?
This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.
二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用
关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来.关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分.关系待客做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词可作状语.
1. 作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致.例如:
I don’t like people who talk much but do little.
The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.
2. 作宾语
She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.
The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”.
3. 作定语
关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用.例如:
What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?
The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.
4. 作状语
I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.
This is the house where I was born.
三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语.例如:
The person who broke the window must pay for it.
The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语.例如:
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?
Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.
3. whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语.例如:
The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.
I know the boy whose father is a professor.
4. which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语.例如:
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.
5. that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语.例如:
I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.
Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?
6. when 指时间,在定语从句中作状语.例如:
I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.
He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.
7. where 指地点,在定语从句中作状语.例如:
This is the house where we lived last year.
The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.
四. 关系代词whom,which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which 与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,如:
That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room
which we had lived in for ten years.
五. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题:
1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况:
(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时.例如:
All that he said is true.
(2) 先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时.例如:
He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.
(3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词.例如:
He was the second (person) that told me the secret.
(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词.
This is the best book (that) I have read this year.
(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时.例如:
He talked about the people and the things he remembered.
2. 只能用which,不用that的情况:
(1) 在非限制性定语从中.例如:
The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.
(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导,先行词是物时.例如:
The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.
【范例】
1. (2004年哈尔滨试题)
---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?
---Yes, he does.
A. which B. whose C. where D. who
【解析】答案:D.该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择.因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适.
2. (2004年常州市试题)
The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.
A. who B. where C. what D. that
【解析】答案:D.该题考查的是定语从句的关系代词的选择.因为先行词是物,而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,所以只有that合适.
3. (2004年扬州市试题)
---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?
---He has gone back to Qinghua University.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. which
【解析】答案:B.该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择.因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适.
4. (2004年益阳市试题)
I hate people _______ talk much but do little.
A. whose B. whom C. which D. who
【解析】答案:D.该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择.因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适.
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