she swam to the shore having spent the night in the water?,请问,having spent 是怎么回事,have 加ing ,又过去分词,这是什么语法形式,如何理解

Question

she swam to the shore having spent the night in the water?,请问,having spent 是怎么回事,
have 加ing ,又过去分词,这是什么语法形式,如何理解

Answer 1

1.having spent the night in the water为现在分词短语做时间状语.
翻译为：在水里呆了一夜之后,她游向岸边/海滨.
2.having spent the night in the water其实是现在分词短语的完成形式,其一般式是spending the night in the water.
因为句子主语（即spend的逻辑主语）和非谓语动词spend之间为主动关系,所以用其现在分词形式.
又因为spend the night...该动作发生在谓语动词swam to the shore之前,所以进一步使用现在分词的完成形式having spent...