英语翻译在自然界中,细菌需要靠趋化运动来趋利避害以获得有利的生存环境.鞭毛作为细菌的运动器官,是趋化的前提与基础.鞭毛的合成组装是高度有序且耗能的等级调控过程,每一等级基因

Question

英语翻译
在自然界中,细菌需要靠趋化运动来趋利避害以获得有利的生存环境.鞭毛作为细菌的运动器官,是趋化的前提与基础.鞭毛的合成组装是高度有序且耗能的等级调控过程,每一等级基因的表达都需要多个调控因子的参与.其中,RpoN对鞭毛合成基因的表达为正调控.鞭毛调节子FleQ作为RpoN的激活增强子,与RpoN协同调控了鞭毛基因的转录与表达.相反,RpoS负调控了包括鞭毛调控σ因子FliA在内的鞭毛合成基因的转录与表达,且rpoS基因的缺失导致鞭毛合成相关基因的转录水平显著上调.RpoS能够负调控诸多鞭毛基因的表达可能是通过调控鞭毛主调节子FleQ或鞭毛调控σ因子FliA来实现的；亦可能是由于RpoS和其他的σ因子竞争有限的核心聚合酶造成的.其揭示了在细菌的鞭毛合成与趋化中不同σ因子之间存在复杂的交叉调控.

Answer 1

　　在自然界中,细菌需要靠趋化运动来趋利避害以获得有利的生存环境.

　　It is essential for a bacterium to rely on chemotaxis motion in nature so as to obtain a favourable living environment.

　　鞭毛作为细菌的运动器官,是趋化的前提与基础.

　　As a bacterium’s locomotive organs, the flagella are the prerequisite and foundation of its chemotaxis.

　　鞭毛的合成组装是高度有序且耗能的等级调控过程,每一等级基因的表达都需要多个调控因子的参与.其中,RpoN对鞭毛合成基因的表达为正调控.

　　The synthesis and assembly of its flagella are a regulating and controlling process for the ranking which is high ordered and power wasting as well, and the expression of each ranking gene requires multiple regulating and controlling factors, in which RpoN is the positive regulating and controlling to the expression of compositive genes.

　　鞭毛调节子FleQ作为RpoN的激活增强子,与RpoN协同调控了鞭毛基因的转录与表达.
　　Regulon FleQ of a flagellum acts as an activation enhancer and cooperates with RpoN to regulate and control the transcription and expression of the flagellum gene.

　　相反,RpoS负调控了包括鞭毛调控σ因子FliA在内的鞭毛合成基因的转录与表达,且RpoS基因的缺失导致鞭毛合成相关基因的转录水平显著上调.

　　On the contrary, RpoS negatively regulates and controls the transcription and expression of the compositive genes of the flagellum, including σ factor FliA, and that the deletion of the RpoS genes results in a remarkable upward regulation of the transcription level for the flagella to compose correlative genes.

　　RpoS能够负调控诸多鞭毛基因的表达可能是通过调控鞭毛主调节子FleQ或鞭毛调控σ因子FliA来实现的；亦可能是由于RpoS和其他的σ因子竞争有限的核心聚合酶造成的.其揭示了在细菌的鞭毛合成与趋化中不同σ因子之间存在复杂的交叉调控.

It is possible that expression, namely RpoS can negatively regulates and controls a good many flagella genes, is to be completed by major Regulon FleQ or σ factor FliA in flagella’s regulating and controlling, or resulted in this consequence that RpoS contends with other σ factors for a limited nuclear polymerase, which reveals that there is not any complicated intersecting regulation and control with σ factors in the process of the compound and chemotaxis of a bacterium’s flagella.