GMAT中这句英语句子结构是怎样的？InadditiontobeingChina’sfirstadministrators,inthesensethattheydevelopedacoherentbureaucracyfortheirempire,theShangwerethefirstliteratecultureinEastAsiaandarewellknownas

Question

GMAT中这句英语句子结构是怎样的？
In addition to being China’s first administrators, in the sense that they developed a coherent bureaucracy for their empire, the Shang were the first literate culture in East Asia and are well known as the crafters of ornate bronze ritual vessels.
in the sense that they developed a coherent bureaucracy for their empire 在句子中到底算什么成分。
为什么我觉得这句话里有they 和 the shang 两个主语。
还有The shang在这句话里是指商朝人还是商朝啊？

Answer 1

简单说说句子结构。
除A以外，在B这种意义上，商朝人是C也被广泛认知为D。
句中提到了这些同义近义的可相互替代的表达：administrators/they/their/the Shang/crafters.
由于缺乏更多上下文语境（也不需要了），只能这么说，The Shang有可能指管理者，此时显然只能是一部分商朝人；也可能指的是crafters，此时泛指商朝的能工巧匠们，但是用整个商朝人代替了。而绝不可能refer to商朝。因为句中除了the Shang以外的同义近义名词全是复数。
in the sense that they developed a coherent bureaucracy for their empire做整个句子的方式状语 that到empire是sense的同位语从句，具体详述sense的内容。结构如下：
[方式状语in the sense (同位语从句that they developed a coherent bureaucracy for their empire)]
全句只有一个主语，就是the Shang。