英语翻译就是这篇前面的我看懂了,从这开始4.TypesofAcidizingProcessesAcidizingisusedtoincreaseproductioninmanysituations.Themostimportantincludedamageremoval,completionandstimulationofhorizontalwells,matrixacid

Question

英语翻译
就是这篇
前面的我看懂了,从这开始
4.Types of Acidizing Processes
Acidizing is used to increase production in many situations.The most important include damage removal,completion and stimulation of horizontal wells,matrix acidizing,fracture acidizing and gel breaking.
a.Damage Removal
Damaged wells are those which suffer a restriction in flow rate.This may be due to a number of causes,for example,drilling damage or build up of carbonate scale.Damage may occur at the wellbore face or as a zone of reduced permeability extending several inches or even feet into the formation which severely restricts productivity.If the damage can be removed,very significant increases in production rate can be achieved.
Conventional acidizing processes may remove damage up to several inches into the formation but are generally not effective for treatment of deeper damage.Success in treatment of deep formation damage requires the use of highly retarded acids.Arcasolve™ functions as a highly retarded acid suitable for removal of deep damage.
b.Completion and Stimulation of Horizontal Wells
Horizontal drilling is a technique which has been enthusiastically adopted by the oil industry since about 1988.Because the wellbore has a greater contact area with the oil bearing zone,much higher rates of production are possible compared to conventional vertical wells.Productivity at least 2-3 times that of vertical wells can generally be achieved.Despite higher costs,return on investment is better than for vertical wells in many circumstances.
Newly drilled horizontal wells normally require acidizing to remove drilling mud damage before being brought into production.The efficient placement of conventional acids is critical,especially in long horizontal sections.Due to their fast reaction rate they need to be placed using coiled tubing,which is expensive,or using foam,gel or other diversion methods.Significant care has to be taken over treatment design when using diversion methods and there may be a problem with gel residues.(4) There is a need for improved acidizing methods which are effective for the removal of drilling fluid damage from long horizontal intervals.

Answer 1

　　英语八级翻译：
　　4.油井酸处理过程
　　油井增产使用在各种情况.最重要的,包括伤害移除、完成和刺激的水平井酸化、骨折、矩阵、凝胶.酸化
　　一.伤害移除
　　损坏井是那些受限制的流量.这可能是由于许多原因,例如,钻孔损坏或建立的规模.可能发生的损害,或作为区域井筒中渗透延伸几英寸或者减少甚至的形成,严重制约的生产力.如果伤害可以去掉,非常显著增加了产率可达到.
　　传统的酸化工艺可有效消除伤害到几英寸到形成,但通常没有有效的治疗更深的伤害.成功的治疗深部地层损害需要使用高度的延迟.Arcasolve™功能是一个高度速酸适宜除深深的伤害.
　　b.完成并刺激的水平井
　　水平钻井技术已热情采用从1988年的石油工业.因为井筒具有较大的接触面积和含油区,更高的利率的生产是有可能的,比传统的垂直井.生产力至少2 - 3倍,直井大致可以实现.尽管更高的成本、投资回报比为直井在许多情况下.
　　通常需要新钻井水平井钻井泥浆酸液伤害移除之前投入生产.有效的传统是至关重要的,特别是在脂肪酸水平段漫长.由于其快速反应速率,他们都被使用,这是连续油管昂贵,或用泡沫、凝胶或其他分流的方法.重大必须接管治疗方法,利用疑兵而不加注意的设计时,可能会有一个问题.(4)凝胶残留需要改进的方法是有效的,油井的钻井液伤害很长的水平间隔.