英语翻译在现代刑法理论和刑事司法领域,刑罚都是一个极具魅力的核心概念.纵观中西方刑罚制度发展变化的历史进程,刑罚都是沿着由重到轻这一路径不断向前发展的,这可谓一条世界刑罚发

Question

英语翻译
在现代刑法理论和刑事司法领域,刑罚都是一个极具魅力的核心概念.纵观中西方刑罚制度发展变化的历史进程,刑罚都是沿着由重到轻这一路径不断向前发展的,这可谓一条世界刑罚发展的基本规律.随着人类社会经济发展、文明进步以及对人权保障的不断重视,刑罚轻缓化已经成为世界发展的趋势.从刑事立法、刑事司法和刑法方面看,我国的刑罚结构还属于重刑结构,这与现代法治社会的发展要求不相符,与基本的刑罚价值理念不相符.目前我国经济、政治和社会都在经历重大的发展,根据我国的国情,我们完全有条件进行一定程度的刑罚轻缓化改革,同时也应当为刑罚轻缓化积极创造条件.
除引言和结论外,本文分以下三部分：
第一部分 刑罚轻缓化概论.本部分首先对刑罚轻缓化的含义与价值进行了分析.刑罚的轻缓化是一种由野蛮向文明,有严酷向轻缓,有残酷向人道进化的一种趋势,其目的是力求以最小的刑罚成本达到最大的社会效益,从而实现刑法的人权保障机能、社会保护机能以及惩罚和预防的双重目的.刑罚的轻缓化已经成为衡量一个国家社会的文明程度、经济的发展状况和人的价值优劣的重要标尺.本部分还从理论和现实两个方面阐述了刑罚轻缓化的存在基础.笔者认为,无论从刑罚的目的和价值取向看,还是从当前的经济、社会结构、文化及刑事政策看,刑罚轻缓化已经成为刑罚发展的必然选择.通过对本部分的分析,也为后面探讨刑罚轻缓化的实现途径提供了基础.
第二部分 域外刑罚轻缓化的发展及其借鉴.本部分从国际的角度阐述和分析了当前刑罚发展的现状,其中重点阐述了国外刑罚轻缓化所取得的成就.笔者认为,西方“轻轻重重”的刑事政策对我国的刑事政策产生了深远的影响,加上我国传统立法、司法观念中所包含的轻缓化因素的作用,我国在不断借鉴域外刑罚轻缓化的先进经验的基础上,刑罚轻缓化已经取得了一定的成就,并正朝着这一趋势不断发展.
第三部分 我国刑罚轻缓化存在的问题及对策.目前我国刑罚的轻缓化虽然取得了一定的成效,但是重刑主义的思想依然占据了相当重要的位置.笔者认为,我国现行的刑罚制度虽然有了相当大的改进,但依然存在一些不足与缺陷,刑罚轻缓化的任务任重而道远.只有从宏观和微观两方面着手我国刑罚轻缓化的改革,切实采取有效的措施,顺应当今时代的潮流,才能够使我国刑罚制度的设定和适用朝着轻缓化和人道化的方向发展,从而体现和谐社会下刑罚理念的价值.
关键词：刑罚 轻缓化 研究
不要软件翻译的，但还是谢谢下面的了~

Answer 1

In the modern theory of criminal law and criminal justice,the penalty is a very attractive core concepts.Throughout the Western penal system in the historical process of development and change,penalties are down from heavy to light the path to continuous development,which can be described as a penalty for the development of the basic law of the world.As human social and economic development,civilization and advancement,as well as continued emphasis on the protection of human rights,the penalty playful technology has become the world's development trend.From the criminal legislation,criminal justice and criminal law perspective,China's heavy penalty structure also belong to the structure,which is the development requirements of the modern rule of law is inconsistent with the basic penalty values do not match.
At present,China's economic,political and social are experiencing significant development,according to China's national conditions,we are fully qualified to a certain degree of punishment and reform playful,but also should actively create conditions for Moderating Trend penalty.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion,this article under the following three parts:
Introduction of the first part of sentence playful.This section first sentence of the meaning and value of Moderating analyzed.Moderating the penalty of a development from barbarism to civilization,there are harsh to the playful,there is cruelty to a trend in the evolution of humanity,the purpose is to seek to minimize the maximum penalty for the cost of social benefits,in order to achieve protection of human rights of criminal law function,social protection function,as well as the dual purpose of punishment and prevention.Moderating the penalty has become a measure of the degree of civilization of a country's social and economic development situation and the pros and cons of human values important benchmark.
This section also from the theoretical and practical aspects of the penalties set out the basis of the existence of Moderating Trend.I believe that,in terms of penalty goals and values or from the current economic,social structure,cultural and criminal policy perspective,penalty penalty Moderating the development of technology has become the inevitable choice.Through the analysis of this section,but also for the back of the realization of penalty playful way to provide the basis for.
The second part of the development outside the penalty playful and learn from.This section from an international perspective of the elaboration and analysis of the current development status penalties,which focuses on the penalty abroad the achievements of Moderating Trend.The author believes that the West "gently heavy" the criminal policy of our country's criminal policy,had a profound impact,coupled with our traditional legislative and judicial concepts contained in the playful elements of the role of learning outside the penalty for our country is constantly Moderating advanced experience-oriented,based on the penalty playful technology has made some achievements,and this trend is moving in continuous development.
Moderating the third part of our penalty problems and countermeasures.Moderating Trend of China's current penalties Although we have achieved some results,but the heavy ideology still occupy a very important position.The author believes that although China's current system of penalties has been considerable improvement,but still there are some inadequacies and shortcomings,the penalty has become a task Moderating long way to go.Only proceed with both macro-and micro-penalty Moderating Trend of China's reforms,and take effective measures to adapt to the current trend of the times,be able to make our penal system settings and application of technology and humanity toward the playful in the direction of the development of ,
So as to realize the concept of a harmonious society under the penalty of the value of