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Oneofourexpectationsabouteducationisthatitwillpayoffintermsofupwardmobility.Historically,therelationbetweeneducationandincomehasbeenstrong.Butintheearly1970s,acontradictiondevelopedbetweeneducationandtheecon
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One of our expectations about education is that it will pay off in terms of upward mobility.Historically,the relation between education and income has been strong.But in the early 1970s,a contradiction developed between education and the economy.Our value of education and our average educational attainment(获得)run faster than the capacity of the economy to absorb the graduates.
Since the 1970s,high-school graduates have experienced a striking decrease in earnings,making them the first generation since World WarⅡto face a lower standard of living than their parents had.Experts have argued that this contradiction is at the heart of the problem of public education today.It is not,as business leaders claim,that the schools are failing to properly educate students,that they are turning out young people who are inadequately prepared to function in the workplace.The real problem is a shortage of economic opportunities for students who are not continuing on to college.College graduates also are having difficulty finding jobs.Even when they do,the jobs may not be consistent with their training and expectations.Part of the problem is that too many young Americans expect to have professional jobs,making disappointment and frustration unavoidable for some.
Many students assumed that what was true of an individual-that the higher the education,the better the job opportunities-would also be true for an entire society.But when the numbers of better-educated young people became too great,the economy could no longer absorb them.Another part of the problem is the assumption that greater educational attainment guarantees career advancement.In fact,employers do not routinely reward educational attainment; rather,they reward it only when they believe it will contribute to the employee's productivity.
We should not overlook the fact that there is still a strong relationship between education and occupation and income.College graduates have a strong advantage over those with less education.But the payoff is neither as large nor as certain as it once was.Unfortunately,Americans have focused so strong on the economic payoff that many consider their college education useless if it does not create a desirable,well-paying job.Only in this sense can we speak of an"oversupply"of college graduates.
We could argue that all or at least the majority of Americans would profit by some degree because higher education can enable the individual to think more deeply,explore more widely,and enjoy a greater range of experiences.
28.The underlined phrase"turning out"in Paragraph.2probably means___.
A.bringing up
B.putting out
C.bringing out
D.putting up
29.When do employers reward higher education?___
A.It offers better job opportunities.
B.It makes for higher productivity.
C.It guarantees career advancement.
D.It brings a definite advantage over others.
30.The passage mainly talks about___.
A.our expectations about education
B.the problem of public education today
C.the contradiction between education and economy
D.the connection between education and occupation
31.What's the writer's attitude towards higher education?___
A.Objective
B.Indifferent
C.Disapproving
D.Favorable.
Since the 1970s,high-school graduates have experienced a striking decrease in earnings,making them the first generation since World WarⅡto face a lower standard of living than their parents had.Experts have argued that this contradiction is at the heart of the problem of public education today.It is not,as business leaders claim,that the schools are failing to properly educate students,that they are turning out young people who are inadequately prepared to function in the workplace.The real problem is a shortage of economic opportunities for students who are not continuing on to college.College graduates also are having difficulty finding jobs.Even when they do,the jobs may not be consistent with their training and expectations.Part of the problem is that too many young Americans expect to have professional jobs,making disappointment and frustration unavoidable for some.
Many students assumed that what was true of an individual-that the higher the education,the better the job opportunities-would also be true for an entire society.But when the numbers of better-educated young people became too great,the economy could no longer absorb them.Another part of the problem is the assumption that greater educational attainment guarantees career advancement.In fact,employers do not routinely reward educational attainment; rather,they reward it only when they believe it will contribute to the employee's productivity.
We should not overlook the fact that there is still a strong relationship between education and occupation and income.College graduates have a strong advantage over those with less education.But the payoff is neither as large nor as certain as it once was.Unfortunately,Americans have focused so strong on the economic payoff that many consider their college education useless if it does not create a desirable,well-paying job.Only in this sense can we speak of an"oversupply"of college graduates.
We could argue that all or at least the majority of Americans would profit by some degree because higher education can enable the individual to think more deeply,explore more widely,and enjoy a greater range of experiences.
28.The underlined phrase"turning out"in Paragraph.2probably means___.
A.bringing up
B.putting out
C.bringing out
D.putting up
29.When do employers reward higher education?___
A.It offers better job opportunities.
B.It makes for higher productivity.
C.It guarantees career advancement.
D.It brings a definite advantage over others.
30.The passage mainly talks about___.
A.our expectations about education
B.the problem of public education today
C.the contradiction between education and economy
D.the connection between education and occupation
31.What's the writer's attitude towards higher education?___
A.Objective
B.Indifferent
C.Disapproving
D.Favorable.
▼优质解答
答案和解析
28-31 ABCD
28.A 猜测词意题.根据第二段划线部分前后"it is not,as business leaders claim,that the school are failing to properly …"正如商业领导人说的,不是学校没有恰当地教育好学生,也不是学校培养的年轻人还没有为将来的工作做好准备…bring up"培养、抚养",put out"生产、扑灭",bring out"使…显现",put up"举起、张贴".故选A.
29.B 细节理解题.根据第三段"In fact,employers do not routinely reward educational attainment; rather,they reward it only when they believe it will contribute to the employee's productivity.可知,事实上,雇主不会总是对高学历给予特殊关照.相反,只有当雇主认为雇员所受的教育能帮助雇员提高生产力的时候,他们才会给予特别关照,增加薪水.即:它有利于更高的生产力.故选B.
30.C 主旨大意题.由第一自然段可知,全文主要写的是教育和经济之间的矛盾,后面主要是阐述它存在的现象以及背后的原因.其他三个选项都不能概括全文主旨大意.故选C.
31.D 观点判断题.根据最后一自然段信息"…Americans would profit by some degree…enable the individual to think more deeply,explore more widely,and enjoy a greater range of experiences."可知,我们有理由认为,所有美国人或至少大部分美国人都能或 多或少从大学教育中获益,因为高等教育能使人更深入地思考,进行更广泛的探索,获得更 全面的体验.即:作者支持学生接受高等教育.故选D.A项"客观的",B项"漠不关心的",C项"不赞成的".
28.A 猜测词意题.根据第二段划线部分前后"it is not,as business leaders claim,that the school are failing to properly …"正如商业领导人说的,不是学校没有恰当地教育好学生,也不是学校培养的年轻人还没有为将来的工作做好准备…bring up"培养、抚养",put out"生产、扑灭",bring out"使…显现",put up"举起、张贴".故选A.
29.B 细节理解题.根据第三段"In fact,employers do not routinely reward educational attainment; rather,they reward it only when they believe it will contribute to the employee's productivity.可知,事实上,雇主不会总是对高学历给予特殊关照.相反,只有当雇主认为雇员所受的教育能帮助雇员提高生产力的时候,他们才会给予特别关照,增加薪水.即:它有利于更高的生产力.故选B.
30.C 主旨大意题.由第一自然段可知,全文主要写的是教育和经济之间的矛盾,后面主要是阐述它存在的现象以及背后的原因.其他三个选项都不能概括全文主旨大意.故选C.
31.D 观点判断题.根据最后一自然段信息"…Americans would profit by some degree…enable the individual to think more deeply,explore more widely,and enjoy a greater range of experiences."可知,我们有理由认为,所有美国人或至少大部分美国人都能或 多或少从大学教育中获益,因为高等教育能使人更深入地思考,进行更广泛的探索,获得更 全面的体验.即:作者支持学生接受高等教育.故选D.A项"客观的",B项"漠不关心的",C项"不赞成的".
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