英语翻译生化中能量问题,问H-自由能变化量,S-熵变化量,是正值还是负值.

Question

英语翻译
生化中能量问题,问【H】-自由能变化量,【S】-熵变化量,是正值还是负值.

Answer 1

囧,这大概是个问 Gibb's free energy那个公式的题
ΔG=ΔH-TΔS
不是有这个么,他就是问你在ΔH和ΔS是什么样的情况（正直还是负值）下,无论T（温度）是什么反应都会是spontaneous(自发的).
ΔG是负值的时候,你的反应才能是正向自发的.
When ΔG is negative,a process or chemical reaction proceeds spontaneously in the forward direction.
ΔG是正值的时候,你的反应才能是逆向自发的.
When ΔG is positive,the process proceeds spontaneously in reverse.
ΔG是0时候,你的反应已经平衡了.
When ΔG is zero,the process is already in equilibrium,with no net change taking place over time.
如果ΔS是正值ΔH是负值,反应无论温度如何都是自发的.
When ΔS is positive and ΔH is negative,a process is always spontaneous
如果ΔS是正值ΔH是正值,反应在高温温度才是自发的.
When ΔS is positive and ΔH is positive,a process is spontaneous at high temperatures
如果ΔS是负值ΔH是负值,反应在低温温度才是自发的.
When ΔS is negative and ΔH is negative,a process is spontaneous at low temperatures
如果ΔS是负值ΔH是正值,反应无论温度如何都不会是自发的,但是逆反应无论温度如何都自发.
When ΔS is negative and ΔH is positive,a process is not spontaneous at any temperature,but the reverse process is spontaneous.
简单回答的话说：
如果ΔS是正值ΔH是负值,反应无论温度如何都是自发的.
When ΔS is positive and ΔH is negative,a process is always spontaneous
就可以了.
比较保险的回答是：
ΔG是负值的时候,你的反应才能是正向自发的.
When ΔG is negative,a process or chemical reaction proceeds spontaneously in the forward direction.
ΔG是正值的时候,你的反应才能是逆向自发的.
When ΔG is positive,the process proceeds spontaneously in reverse.
所以
如果ΔS是正值ΔH是负值,反应无论温度如何都是自发的.
When ΔS is positive and ΔH is negative,a process is always spontaneous
如果ΔS是负值ΔH是正值,逆反应无论温度如何都自发.
When ΔS is negative and ΔH is positive,a process is not spontaneous at any temperature,but the reverse process is spontaneous.