英语的句子成分问题在补充里Thestudy'sauthorsbeginbycitingolderresearchshowingthatwhenpeoplegetfeedbackwhichtheybelieveisoverlypostive,theyactuallyfellworse,notbetter.主要是句子成分句子的意思到时明

Question

英语的句子成分 问题在补充里
The study's authors begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly postive,they actually fell worse,not better.主要是句子成分 句子的意思到时明白 问题在begin by citing older research showing 这里 begin 是动词 那怎么后边直接接了个by 那这里showing又是什么.动词还是名词

Answer 1

by 是介词,表示“通过,以---方式”； showing 是动词ing形式做定语,修饰older research,说明older research的具体内容.showing后面带了个that引导的宾语从句,在这个宾语从句中,含有一个when引导的时间状语,而which they believe is overly positive是做feedback的定语.