接不定式"to"的(被动时补"to")动词有:(10个)

Question

接不定式"to"的(被动时补"to")动词有:(10个)

Answer 1

不定式结构作动宾 ,能用带to不定式作宾语的有两种；一种是直接跟有带to不定式,另一种是跟有疑问词+带to不定式结构.
第一种常见的词有；
afford,agree,aim,apply,arrange,ask,choose,claim,decide,decline,demand,desire,determine,expect,hope,learn,long,manage,offer,pretend,promise,refuse,seek,swear,threaten,want,wish ,etc.
动词+宾语+不定式的被动态转换形式
上面五种动词,除了第四种,其它都可转为被动态.担有几点要注意：
1）第一种动词（除notice,watch不用于被动态外）转为被动态时,后面不带to不定式转为带to不定式.
We saw the car stop.
The car was seen to stop.
2)第二种动词（除了have）转为被动态,其后常用带to不定式.
They made us wait outside.
We were made to wait for two hours.
只有let跟有单音节不定式时属于例外.
The prisoners were let go.
但常用be allowed to代替.
They won’t let us go.
We won’t be allowed to go.
3)第三种to be省略与否,与主动结构相同.
We consider him (to be )very capable.
He is considered( to be )very capable.
We know him to be a good worker.
He is known to be a good worker.保(know的现在完成体否定形式为主动态时,后面接不带to的不定式.转为被动态时接带to的不定式.如：
I have never known him behave like this.
He has never been known to behave like that before.
4)第五类动词,有些有被动态,有些没有.有些被动态体现在不定式结构上.如：
He was seldom called upon to speak at these gatherings.
He can be relied on to help us.(必须带can或could,否则不能转为被动态）
We asked/arranged/longed/waited for that to be done.(但类似I will arrange for you to come.这样的句子就无被动态.)
不定式结构作名词修饰语,不定式与所修饰的名词中心词,有时有主谓或宾关系.如：
This is the best book on the subject to appear(=that has appeared) this year.
He has a large family to support(=that he must support).
在处于动宾关系时,如果不定式是不及物动词,其后得加上一个所需的介词.
I write with a pen.I use a pen to write with.
Is there anyone to talk to?
You have given me much to think about.
不定式结构作状语表示目的,结果,原因,条件等.
I am saving up to buy a computer.
She stopped at home to help her mother.
Now,it’ll be cold up there,so we’d better take blankets to wrap ourselves in.
另为了强调不定式结构表示目的,尤其在其前有否定词not时,通常在to之前加 in order /so as.
I’m attending college in order to learn.
He shouted and waved so as to be noticed.
此外,表示目的的不定式可置于句首.在其前可加in order,但不能加so as.
2)表示结果.如:
What have I done to deserve so much?
She went abroad never to return.
Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle?
Will you be so good as to tell him so?
His illness is not such as to cause anxiety.
He is such a fool as to think that his idle chatter can influence others.
That looks almost good enough to eat.
The ice is thick enough to walk on.
His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters.
That’s much too heavy for you to lift.
Notice:I shall be only too pleased to get home.(=I shall be very pleased to get home.)
You are too ready to find fault with others.(=You are very fond of finding fault with others.)
He agreed to smoke no more cigarettes.
She applies to work only at weekends.
afford通常与 can,此同时can’t或它们的过去时形式连用.如：
We can afford to pay for it.
We can’t afford to go away for a holiday this summer.
第二种常见的词有decide,find out,forget,inquire,know,learn,remember,see,settle,think,consider,understand,wonder,to be curious to know,etc.
疑问词可以是what,where,who (m),when,how,whether,which,etc.(why除外).如：
I don’t know what to do./where to go/who(m )to ask/how to get there
She didn’t know which one to buy.
We must find out what to do next.